Cell therapy as a treatment to reverse ageing.
Throughout life, all of our tissues undergo constant remodeling and repair to ensure optimal
functioning. This requires maintaining a healthy, balanced biological environment that ensures the
supply of nutrients, eliminates toxic substances produced during cellular metabolism, and enables
the replacement of old cells with new ones.The immune system and the backup cells (stem
cells) present in each tissue are essential to fulfil these functions.Over time, for
internal and external reasons, the capacity to maintain balance between cells lost and replaced, and
to remove toxic agents and guarantee nutrient delivery, is affected. This results in structural and
functional deterioration, known as ageing.When the ageing process affects the vascular
tissue, the brain, the heart, the liver, the joints or the skin, we observe a progressive
deterioration in the function of these organs that affects quality of life.It is important
to know that not all tissues age in the same way or at the same rate. The tissues most affected are
those that:
√ require faster cellular turnover, such as the skin or load-bearing joints;
√ demand more energy, such as the brain or heart;
√ are more exposed to toxic agents, such as those involved in chronic inflammatory
processes.In regenerative medicine, the strategy to counteract the biological processes
triggered by ageing involves providing the affected tissue with new cells capable of replacing those
lost, while also boosting the local immune system to facilitate the assimilation of these new cells
and improve the tissue's structural conditions.
Where do the new cells that replace the aged ones come from?
Subcutaneous fat is a tissue with a very slow metabolism that we use very little throughout our
lives.
This means that the stem cells present in fat have reproduced very few times and therefore have a high
potential for expansion. Technology makes it possible to isolate these stem cells from material
obtained
by liposuction and place them in a culture medium that activates them metabolically, allowing them to
multiply significantly and become receptive to differentiation. This means they can become part of a
new
tissue.To boost immune tissue, effector lymphocytes are obtained from the patient's blood.
Effector lymphocytes are cells that can recognize specific structures representative of damaged
tissue.
They participate in the differentiation process of stem cells and facilitate the assimilation of new
cells into tissue areas where they are needed.The method of administration, quantity and
frequency of cell application varies depending on the tissue to be treated.Once the tissue
has
been chosen, the specific lymphocytes for that tissue are selected and the stem cells are
pre-differentiated before they are delivered. Both types of cells (pre differentiated stem cells and
lymphocytes) are administrated.
Intervention for the brain:
The aim is to improve cognitive functions such as memory, concentration, fluency of expression and
executive functions.The cells are administered intravenously. To enable the stem cells to
access the brain, effector lymphocytes that signal the damaged areas and selectively permeabilize the
blood brain barrier must be administered first. Forty-eight hours later, the differentiated stem cells
are infused.
Aims to:
- improve the structure of the arterial wall by increasing its elasticity and resistance.
- increase the microvascular network, thereby improving the distribution of oxygen and nutrients to the
tissues.
- improve the structure of the cardiac muscle.
The cells are administered intravenously.
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The aim is to improve the structure of the articular surface by increasing the cartilage surface area
and improving the subchondral bone where the cartilage begins to grow. This enables pain to be
controlled and function to be improved.In most of the cases the cells are injected into the
joint space. If necessary, cells are also injected into the bone or tendons.
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The aim is to improve the structural conditions of the skin by increasing thickness, improving
elasticity and turgor, and improving microcirculation.The cells are applied by local
intradermal injection.
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In all cases, the cells are administered by intravenous infusion.The objective is to provide
cells that improve the structure and function of the affected organ. Usually, 3–6 infusions are
required, with an interval of 6–8 weeks between each one.
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It is important to note the following:
- A treatment cycle may include more than one tissue type, depending on each patient's needs.
Intravenous infusions can be combined with local applications on different days within the same week. A
maximum of four tissues are treated per cycle.- The mesenchymal stem cells that we work with
are considered adult and are not genetically modified. This eliminates the risk of the implanted cells
overgrowing, i.e. forming tumours.- The main risk when handling biological material is
contamination. To avoid this, we work under strict biosafety measures and perform serial microbiological
controls at certain stages of cell processing. If contamination occurs, the material is discarded.
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